The Canadian: Canada's Little Iron Horse

This truly Canadian breed finally gets the recognition it has earned - Canada’s National Horse.

 

by Jenniferr Jacula

 

On April 23rd, 2002, the Canadian Parliament declared Le Cheval Canadien, also known as The Canadian Horse, to be the National Horse of Canada.

 

The Canadian Horse descends from horses sent by the King of France, Louis XIV, to the early settlers of New France between 1647 and 1670. The exact breeding of the horses sent is unknown, but it is likely that they included Norman, Barb, Friesian, and Arabian bloodlines, and were undoubtedly of the finest quality.

These horses were bred with no outside influence from other breeds for 150 years. They survived great hardships, were given little or no feed, forcing them to eat what they could find by foraging, even stripping bark from trees. They were worked extremely hard, often working on the farm all day, and racing under harness in the evening, sometimes on icy roads or over frozen lakes. There were no warm barns, and the horses that lived through the extreme weather conditions evolved into what the breed remains today - Canada’s Little Iron Horse. Only the strongest survived those early beginnings, and it is the characteristics of those survivors that still exist within the Canadian Horse breed.

 

Twice, the Canadian Horse has faced extinction; twice, dedicated enthusiasts and breeders have brought it back. Today, the breed numbers over 3,000 animals, and call almost every province in Canada home, as well as several states, with a total of 165 animals in the U.S.

 

Characteristics of the breed include an upright, arching neck, a proud head, large, strong forequarters, a short back, round barrel, abundant mane and tail, large, flat bone and well-muscled legs, iron-hard feet that resist chips, cracks, and disease, and a lively, but sensible, temperament. The breed standard is between 14 and 16 hands high, and all Canadians are chestnut, brown, bay, or black. The horses generally have few white markings. They are above average in intelligence, and most are inquisitive, friendly, and extraordinarily tough. Sickness, lameness, or reproductive problems are practically unheard of. Most Canadians are very easy keepers, maintaining their weight on less feed than what other, smaller breeds require.

 

Originally used as a driving, riding and farm horse, the Canadian Horse has retained the qualities so admired by the settlers that brought this horse across the continent. Extremely versatile, the Canadian Horse can do it all. They excel at jumping, dressage, and three-day eventing, mountain riding and as pack horses, as well as endurance and competitive trail, ranch work, western events, selective logging, driving for pleasure and competition, farming, and recently, cavalry re-enactments. Pound for pound, the Canadian Horse is perhaps the strongest horse on the planet.

 

The Canadian Horse has contributed significantly to the creation of other North American horse breeds. The Morgan Horse owes much of its early development to the Canadian Horse, as does the Standardbred. The Canadian Horse was used extensively in the American Civil War and many of those horses escaped to join the ranks of the American Mustang. Through the Morgan, Standardbred and Mustang, even the Quarter Horse must take a bow to the contribution the Canadian Horse has made to North American breeds.

 

For more information about Canada’s National Horse, please visit www.chevalcanadien.com or www.canadianhorsebreeders.com.